Multi Source Handphone Charging System For Communication During Emergencies

Emergency situations may arise due to natural disaster occurrences or when chance takes one to a remote location. In settings like this, communication requires that mobile devices are powered on in the expectation of access to relief and rescue services. However, in many cases the electricity supply will be broke down. Usually, alternative energy sources provide the needed power to mobile phones in such circumstances. These alternative energy sources exhibit peculiar limitations that affect availability. This work was aimed at merging various alternative sources into a unit that will provide potential to a mobile phone with an emphasis on enhancing the efficiency of a hand-cranked electric dynamo source. Three power sources are employed which are active human power in the electric dynamo, solar panels and a pair of rechargeable batteries. Preliminary tests and analysis were conducted for hardware selection and assembly. The completed system contains a manual switch for the energy sources, a dc-dc regulation, battery charging electronic layout and a torchlight for illumination. An improved efficiency of 87.5% was achieved for the dynamo with the system able to deliver an average 0.4 W during operation. An average of 21 minutes elapsed before a minimum charge was delivered to a basic phone. The charging times for a smartphone to a determined level was found to be 108 minutes, 86 minutes and 72 minutes for the solar source, dynamo source and battery source, respectively. The developed unit is useful to people to keep it as a tool that they can rely on to power up their mobile phone in order to send emergency rescue message

Designing a control system Based on SOC Estimation of BMS for PV-Solar System

One of the major challenges for battery energy stowage system is to design a supervisory controller which can yield high energy concentration, reduced self-discharge rate and prolong the battery lifetime. A regulatory PV-Battery Management System (BMS) based State of Charge (SOC) estimation is presented in this paper that optimally addresses the issues. The proposed control algorithm estimates SOC by Backpropagation Neural Network (BPNN) scheme and utilizes the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) scheme of the solar panels to take decision for charging, discharging or islanding mode of the Lead-Acid battery bank. A case study (SOC estimation) is demonstrated as well to depict the efficiency (Error 0.082%) of the proposed model using real time data. The numerical simulation structured through real-time information concedes that the projected control mechanism is robust and accomplishes several objectives of integrated PV-BMS for instance avoiding overcharging and deep discharging manner under different solar radiations

A battery integrated multiple input DC-DC boost converter

In this paper, the proposed single boost converter aims to harness more than one renewable energy (RE) input source and achieve a high voltage gain. The interleaved technique combined with voltage multiplier (VM) cells, reduced inductor current and attained high voltage transfer ratio. The boost converter possesses two unidirectional input ports and a bidirectional input port that is connected to a battery storage. The duty ratios of the power and interleaving switches are used to regulate the output voltage of the proposed converter. Three operation modes are identified, and steady state analyses of the converter are presented and discussed. The converter can store excess energy in the battery during periods of abundance and deliver power to the loads when the RE sources are low or unavailable. In addition, the output voltage is higher than that of the conventional boost converter. The converter delivered 278 V from 12 V and 24 V dual input sources. The converter operation is simulated and verified using MATLAB/Simulink

Sizing of a Hybrid Photovoltaic-Hydrokinetic Turbine Renewable Energy System in East Malaysia

The difficulties faced in the extension of conventional grid electricity to remote locations elicit increased application of renewable energy (RE) sources in such locations. In locations that are in proximity to rivers or streams, microhydro hybrid RE systems (HRES) are employed. Similarly, hybrid photovoltaic (PV) /battery configurations exist. Unfortunately, micro-hydro turbines require a minimum height/head and expensive civil works during installation. Hydrokinetic turbines (HKTs) eliminate the height/head requirement and greatly reduce necessary civil work by generating electricity using the kinetic energy of water flow in a river or stream. This study used a software, Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Energy Resources (HOMER), to simulate and obtain the optimal size and configuration of a hybrid PV/HKT/Battery storage system for Kampung Git in East Malaysia. Techno-economic comparison of the system is done with a PV/Battery and a standalone diesel generator (DG) system. The levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and the total net present cost (NPC) are the primary indices used for comparison purposes. The optimal configuration from simulations has 89.9 kWp of PV, two 3.5 kW HKTs and 132 kWh of battery storage. Also, economic results obtained indicate that the LCOE of 1.21 RM/kWh and NPC of RM 1,431,000 for the PV-HKT-battery configuration bested those for the PV-battery and standalone DG systems by 165 % and 27 % respectively. This optimal configuration is more environmentally friendly and highlights the role of the HKT in reducing battery usage and wear in addition to achieving lower LCOE and NPC values

Designing a control system based on SOC estimation of BMS for PV-Solar system

One of the major challenges forbattery energy stowage system is to design a supervisory controller whichcan yield high energy concentration, reducedself-discharge rate and prolong the battery lifetime. A regulatory PV-Battery Management System (BMS) based State of Charge (SOC) estimation is presented in this paper that optimally addresses the issues. The proposed control algorithm estimates SOC by Backpropagation Neural Network (BPNN) scheme and utilizesthe Maximum Power PointTracking(MPPT)schemeof the solar panels to take decision for charging, discharging or islanding mode of the Lead-Acid battery bank. A case study(SOC estimation) is demonstrated as well to depictthe efficiency(Error 0.082%) of the proposed modelusing real time data. The numerical simulation structured through real-time information concedes that the projected control mechanismis robust and accomplishes several objectives of integratedPV-BMS for instance avoiding overcharging and deep discharging manner under different solar radiation

A review of multiple input DC-DC converter topologies linked with hybrid electric vehicles and renewable energy systems

In this paper, the contemporary development in multiple input dc-dc converters are identified and examined. The quest to mitigate the difficulties associated with employing renewables in distribution systems and electric vehicles (EVs) has yielded many new converter topologies. These new topologies have easier control, lower parts count, are cheaper and are worthy alternatives to the typical series or parallel connection of converters. The converters are identified by three divisions that bother on the isolation between the respective ports. The electrically connected converters do not have isolation between the ports, and thus, a dc link connects the ports. Electromagnetically connected converters use a dc-link to connect input ports, but the input ports and output port are isolated. In magnetically connected converters, input ports are separated by multiple winding transformer, just as the output port is isolated from the input ports by the winding. The formation, structure, characteristics, operation, merits and demerits of the converters will be presented. Thereafter, comparisons will be done based on the distinct features of the converters. This review identifies that converter properties depend on the specific application requirement and thus, no converter fulfills all demands in the industry. Prospective future research trends are suggested. This work aims to update on research done during the time gap since the last comprehensive reviews

A review of multiple input DC-DC converter topologies linked with hybrid electric vehicles and renewable energy systems

In this paper, the contemporary development in multiple input dc-dc converters are identified and examined. The quest to mitigate the difficulties associated with employing renewables in distribution systems and electric vehicles (EVs) has yielded many new converter topologies. These new topologies have easier control, lower parts count, are cheaper and are worthy alternatives to the typical series or parallel connection of converters. The converters are identified by three divisions that bother on the isolation between the respective ports. The electrically connected converters do not have isolation between the ports, and thus, a dc link connects the ports. Electromagnetically connected converters use a dc-link to connect input ports, but the input ports and output port are isolated. In magnetically connected converters, input ports are separated by multiple winding transformer, just as the output port is isolated from the input ports by the winding. The formation, structure, characteristics, operation, merits and demerits of the converters will be presented. Thereafter, comparisons will be done based on the distinct features of the converters. This review identifies that converter properties depend on the specific application requirement and thus, no converter fulfills all demands in the industry. Prospective future research trends are suggested. This work aims to update on research done during the time gap since the last comprehensive reviews